Ivermectin: Daawo Cusub oo Antiparasitic ah

●Waa maxay Ivermectin?

Ivermectin waa antibiyootig semi-synthetic macrolide ah oo ka soo jeeda halsano iyo nadiifinta Streptomyces avermitilis. Waxay inta badan ka kooban tahay laba qaybood: B1a (≥80%) iyo B1b (≤20%). Qaabka unugyadu waa C48H74O14, miisaanka unugyadu waa 875.09, lambarka CAS waa 70288-86-7.

Sannadkii 2015, daahfurayaasha William C. Campbell iyo Satoshi Omura waxay ku guuleysteen abaalmarinta Nobel Prize ee Physiology ama Medicine ka qaybqaadashadooda la dagaalanka indho la'aanta webiga iyo maroodiga.

sifooyinka jirka iyo kiimikaad

Guryaha: budo crystalline jaale cad ama iftiin ah, aan ur lahayn;

Solubility: si fudud ugu milmi kara dareerayaasha organic sida methanol, ethanol, acetone, iyo ku dhawaad ​​aan lagu milmi karin biyaha (milladu waxay ku saabsan tahay 4μg / mL);

Xasilooni: ma fududa in lagu dumiyo heerkulka qolka, laakiin way fududahay in iftiinka iftiinka, lagu hayo meel daboolan oo aan iftiin lahayn, kaydinta muddada dheer waxay u baahan tahay jawi heerkul hooseeya 2-8 ℃;

●Maxay YihiinFaa'iidooyinkaee Ivermectin ?

Ivermectin waxa ay si sax ah u weerartaa habdhiska neerfaha dulinka iyada oo u marta dariiqooyin laba geesood ah:

1. Waxay kor u qaadaa sii deynta neurotransmitter-ka-aminobutyric acid (GABA) si loo xakameeyo gudbinta calaamadaha dareenka;

2. Wuxuu furaa kanaalada glutamate-gated chloride ion channels si ay u keento hyperpolarization iyo curyaan ku dhaca muruqyada dulinka.

Waxtarka ay u leedahay dilka nematodes (sida roundworms iyo hookworms) iyo arthropods (sida caarada, shilinta, iyo injirta) waa ilaa 94%-100%, laakiin waxtar uma laha gooryaanka iyo hargabka.

●Maxay YihiinCodsigaOf Ivermectin?

1. Goobta caafimaadka xoolaha (kala duwanaanta qiyaasta saxda ah)

Lo'da/Idaha: 0.2mg/kg (durbaanka subcutaneous ama maamulka afka), waxay baabi'in kartaa nematodes-ka caloosha iyo mindhicirka, Filaria sambabada iyo isdaawaynta oogada jidhka;

Doofaarka: 0.3mg/kg (muruqa cirbadeynta), heerka xakamaynta gooryaanka iyo isdaawadu waxay ku dhowdahay 100%;

Eeyaha iyo bisadaha: 6-12μg/kg si looga hortago loona daweeyo gooryaanka wadnaha, 200μg/kg si loo dilo caarada dhegta;

Digaagga: 200-300μg/kg (maamulka afka) wuxuu wax ku ool u yahay gooryaanka digaagga iyo caarada jilibka.

2. Daawaynta dadka

Ivermectinwaa daawada aasaasiga ah ee Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka, inta badan loo isticmaalo:

Onchocerciasis ( indho la'aan webiga): 0.15-0.2mg/kg hal qiyaas, heerka nadiifinta microfilariae ayaa ka badan 90%;

Stregostrongyloidiasis: 0.2mg/kg hal qiyaas;

Ascaris iyo caabuqyada whipworm: 0.05-0.4mg/kg daawaynta muddada-gaaban.

3. Cayayaanka beeralayda

Iyada oo ah sunta cayayaanka il-bio-siyeedka, waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xakameeyo caarada dhirta, aboorayaasha dheeman-baxa, macdanta caleenta, iwm, waxayna leedahay sifooyin hadhaaga hoose.

●Badbaadada iyo Caqabadaha

Ivermectinwaa mid ilaa xad badbaado u ah naasleyda (ay adag tahay in la galo xannibaadaha dhiigga-maskaxda), laakiin weli waxaa jira waxyaabo liddi ku ah:

Dareen-celinta xun: Mararka qaarkood madax-xanuun, finan, korodhka ku-meel-gaadhka ah ee enzymes beerka, iyo qiyaasta sare waxay keeni kartaa ataxia;

Kala duwanaanshaha dareenka noocyada: Eyda adhijirka iyo noocyada eyda kale waxay la kulmi karaan neurotoxicity daran;

Sunta taranka: Tijaabooyinka xayawaanku waxay muujinayaan in qiyaaso badan ay leeyihiin khatarta teratogenicity (dillaaca jeexjeexa, cirridka cirridka).

Dhibaatada caalamiga ah ee iska caabbinta dulinku waxay noqonaysaa mid aad u daran. Daraasad 2024 ah ayaa muujisay in isku darka ivermectin iyo albendazole ay hagaajin karaan waxtarka ka hortagga filariasis. Shirkado badan oo dawooyin ah oo adduunka ah ayaa kor u qaadaya cusboonaysiinta tignoolajiyada dawada ceeriin, nadiifnimaduna waxay gaadhay 99%.

● Agab cusub oo tayo sare lehIvermectinBudada