• Gịnị bụ Chitosan?
Chitosan(CS) bụ polysaccharide okike nke abụọ kachasị ukwuu n'okike, nke a na-ewepụtakarị na shei nke crustaceans dị ka oporo na nshịkọ. Chitin akụrụngwa ya bụ ihe ruru 27% nke mkpofu ahịhịa na nshịkọ, na mmepụta kwa afọ zuru ụwa ọnụ karịrị nde tọn 13. Omenala mmịpụta chọrọ atọ usoro: acid leaching decalcification (dissolving calcium carbonate), alkaline esi wepụ protein, na 40-50% lekwasị alkali deacetylation, na n'ikpeazụ nweta a na-acha ọcha siri ike na deacetylation ogo nke ihe karịrị 70%.
Ọganihu n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya bụ mmepe nke chitosan fungal: chitosan ewepụtara na fungi dị ka Ganoderma lucidum site na usoro enzymatic nwere ogo deacetylation karịa 85%, ịdị arọ molekụla nke naanị 1/3 nke sitere na oporo na nshịkọ (ihe dị ka 8-66kDa), na enweghị protein protein na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma. Ndị otu ụlọ akwụkwọ mahadum China nke Sayensị Agricultural na-achọpụta na usoro nke fungus-chitosan ngwakọ mmịpụta nwere ike ijikwa ngbanwe nke ịdị arọ molekụla n'ime ± 5%, na-edozi nsogbu nke mgbanwe oge na akụrụngwa mmiri.
• Gịnị bụ uru nkeChitosan ?
Isi asọmpi nke chitosan sitere na otu amino na hydroxyl n'efu na yinye molekụla ya, na-akpụ “igbe akụrụngwa” pụrụ iche:
Nzaghachi nke ọgụgụ isi:amino protonation na-enye ohere ka chitosan gbazere na gburugburu acidic, na-enweta ntọhapụ nke pH na-achịkwa (dị ka ntọhapụ nke ọgwụ anticancer doxorubicin na pH 5.0 na microenvironment tumor bụ ugboro 7.3 karịa nke gburugburu ebe obibi anụ ahụ);
Adhesion ndu:ụgwọ dị mma na-ejikọta ya na ụgwọ na-adịghị mma nke mucosa iji mee ka oge nkwụsị nke ọgwụ ahụ dị ogologo na oghere ọnụ na eriri afọ, na adhesion mucosal na-abawanye ugboro 3 mgbe mgbanwe thiolation gasịrị;
Mmekọrịta Ecological:Enwere ike imebi Chitosan kpamkpam site na lysozyme (ihe atụ deacetylation dị elu na-atụfu 78% arọ n'ime awa 72), ngwaahịa mmebi ahụ na-esonye na okirikiri carbon na nitrogen.
Usoro Antibacterial bụ nke a ma ama:chitosan dị obere na-emebi iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke akpụkpọ ahụ nje, yana dayameta nke mpaghara mgbochi maka Escherichia coli na Staphylococcus aureus bụ 13.5mm; ikike antioxidant ya nwekwara ike iwepụ oxygen na-emeghachi omume site na nrụgide pesticide na-emepụta, na-ebelata ọdịnaya malondialdehyde nke akwụkwọ nri na chlorpyrifos ejiri 40%.
• Gịnị bụ ngwa nkeChitosan?
1. Biomedicine: Site na Sutures gaa na ndị na-eche ọgwụ mgbochi Mrna
Usoro nnyefe ọgụgụ isi: Nfefe nke CS / pDNA nanocomplex bụ iwu 2 dị elu karịa nke liposomes, na-aghọ ọkacha mmasị ọhụrụ nke ndị na-ebu nje na-abụghị nje;
Ndozi ọnya: Ganoderma lucidum chitosan-glucan composite gel na-ebelata oge coagulation site na 50%, na usoro porous akụkụ atọ na-eme ngwa ngwa ịmaliteghachi anụ ahụ granulation;
Nkwụsi ike ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa: Onye na-echebe chitosan akpọnwụ akpọnwụ na-eme ka njide ọrụ nke ọgwụ mgbochi mRNA gafere 90% n'ime ụlọ, na-edozi nsogbu nke njem yinye oyi.
2. Agriculture Green: Isi ihe dị na gburugburu ebe obibi iji belata ojiji fatịlaịza
ChitosanFatịlaịza ntọhapụ na-achịkwa nke mkpuchi (CRFs) na-abawanye arụmọrụ site na usoro atọ:
Ntọhapụ ezubere iche: Graphene oxide/chitosan nanofilms nọgidere na-ahapụ nitrogen ruo ụbọchị 60 n'ime ala acidic, yana ọnụego ojiji ya dị 40% dị elu karịa nke urea nwere sọlfọ;
Nguzogide nrụgide ihe ubi: Na-eme ka osisi synthesize chitinase, mkpụrụ tomato mụbara site na 22%, na-ebelata ọnụego mmepụta O₂⁻;
Nkwalite ala: Welite ọdịnaya organic site ugboro 1.8, gbasaa mpaghara actinomycete ugboro atọ, wee weda kpamkpam n'ime ụbọchị 60 na-enweghị ihe fọdụrụ.
3. Nkwakọ ngwaahịa nri: Mgbanwe Nchebe nke Ihe nkiri Ihe Nri Ihe mejupụtara ụmụ ahụhụ
Otu ọhụrụ ọhụrụ nke Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences jikọtarachitosanya na protein mealworm na propolis ethanol wepụ:
Ngwongwo arụrụ arụ: ike nkwụ na-abawanye site na 200%, na mgbochi mmiri vapor ruru 90% nke ihe nkiri sitere na mmanụ ala;
Ọrụ Antibacterial: ọnụ ọgụgụ antibacterial nke nje bacteria strawberry spoilage karịrị 99%, a gbatịkwara ndụ shelf ruo ụbọchị 14, na ọnụego biodegradation bụ 100%.
4. Mbipụta Textile na ịchaji: Ngwọta Eke Maka Antistatic Polyester
Site na ọgwụgwọ mbelata alkali, olulu na otu carboxyl na-etolite n'elu polyester. Mgbe chitosan jikọtara ya na tartaric acid:
Antistatic na-adịgide adịgide: a na-ebelata resistivity site na 10¹²Ω ruo 10⁴Ω, na iweghachi mmiri na-anọgide na 6.56% mgbe ịsachara 30;
Mgbasa ozi igwe dị egwu: arụmọrụ Cu²⁰ chelation na ibipụta na ịcha mmiri mkpofu bụ>90%, ọnụ ahịa ya bụ 1/3 nke resin sịntetik.
• Ọhụụ ọhụrụ na-eweta ogo dị eluChitosanNtụ ntụ
Oge nzipu: Jul-03-2025
