ʻO Ivermectin: He Laʻau Antiparasitic Hou

●He aha Ivermectin?

ʻO Ivermectin kahi antibiotic semi-synthetic macrolide i loaʻa mai ka fermentation a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o Streptomyces avermitilis. Loaʻa iā ia ʻelua mau mea: B1a (≥80%) a me B1b (≤20%). ʻO C48H74O14 kāna kumu molekala, ʻo ke kaumaha molekala 875.09, a ʻo ka helu CAS ʻo 70288-86-7.

Ma 2015, ua lanakila nā mea ʻike ʻo William C. Campbell lāua ʻo Satoshi Omura i ka Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine no kā lākou hāʻawi holomua i ka hakakā ʻana i ka makapō muliwai a me ka elephantiasis.

ʻAno kino a me kemika

Nā waiwai: keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula melemele crystalline pauka, ʻala ʻole;

Solubility: hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe e like me ka methanol, ethanol, acetone, a aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai (ʻo ka solubility ma kahi o 4μg/mL);

Paʻa: ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka decompose ma ka lumi wela, akā maʻalahi ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka mālamalama, pono e mālama ʻia i loko o kahi wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a me ka mālamalama-hōʻoia, a pono ka mālama ʻana i kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o 2-8 ℃;

●He aha kaNā pōmaikaʻiNo Ivermectin ?

Hoʻouka pololei ʻo Ivermectin i ka ʻōnaehana nerve parasite ma o nā ala ʻelua:

1. Hoʻolaha i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka neurotransmitter inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) e pale i ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā hōʻailona nerve;

2. Wehe i nā awāwa ion glutamate-gated chloride i mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka hyperpolarization a me ka lolo o nā ʻiʻo o ka parasite.

ʻO kona maikaʻi i ka pepehi ʻana i nā nematodes (e like me ka roundworms a me ka hookworms) a me nā arthropods (e like me nā mites, ticks, a me nā lice) ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe e like me 94% -100%, akā ʻaʻole kūpono i nā tapeworms a me nā flukes.

●He aha kaPalapala noiOf Ivermectin?

1. Kahua holoholona (ka hoʻokaʻawale dosage pololei)

Pipi/hipa: 0.2mg/kg (subcutaneous injection or oral administration), hiki ke hoʻopau i nā nematodes gastrointestinal, lung filaria a me nā scabies ma ka ʻili o ke kino;

Puaʻa: 0.3mg/kg (intramuscular injection), kokoke i 100% ka nui o ka mana o nā roundworms a me nā scabies;

Nā'īlio a me nā pōpoki: 6-12μg / kg e pale a mālama i ka heartworms, 200μg / kg e pepehi i nā mites pepeiao;

ʻO ka moa: 200-300μg/kg (hoʻoponopono waha) ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e kūʻē i nā ilo moa a me nā mite kuli.

2. Lapaau kanaka

Ivermectinhe lāʻau lapaʻau kumu ia o ka World Health Organization, i hoʻohana nui ʻia no:

Onchocerciasis (makapō o ka muliwai): 0.15-0.2mg/kg hoʻokahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe microfilariae ma mua o 90%;

Stregostrongyloidiasis: 0.2mg/kg pākahi;

ʻO nā maʻi Ascaris a me ka whipworm: 0.05-0.4mg/kg ka mālama ʻana i ka wā pōkole.

3. Pesticides mahiai

Ma ke ʻano he pesticide bio-source, hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka mālama ʻana i nā mites mea kanu, nā mote diamondback, nā mea miners lau, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a he ʻano haʻahaʻa koena.

●Palekana a me nā pilikia

IvermectinHe palekana no nā mammals (paʻakikī ke komo i ka pale koko-lolo), akā aia nō nā contraindications:

Nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole: I kekahi manawa ke poʻo o ka poʻo, ka ʻūhū, ka piʻi ʻana o nā enzymes o ke ake, a me nā kumu kiʻekiʻe hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ataxia;

Nā ʻokoʻa o ka naʻau o nā ʻano ʻano: Hiki i nā ʻīlio kahu hipa a me nā ʻano ʻīlio ʻē aʻe ke loaʻa i ka neurotoxicity;

ʻO ka ʻawaʻawa hānau: Hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua holoholona i ka hopena o ka teratogenicity i ka nui o ka maʻi (ka ʻāʻī ʻāʻī, deformity maiʻuʻu).

Ke ulu nui nei ka pilikia honua o ka pale ʻana i nā parasite. Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina 2024 i ka hui pū ʻana o ivermectin a me albendazole hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka filariasis. Nui nā hui lāʻau lapaʻau a puni ka honua e hoʻolaha nei i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻenehana lāʻau lapaʻau maka, a ua hōʻea ka maʻemaʻe i 99%.

● Hoʻolako Kiʻekiʻe ʻo NEWGREENIvermectinPauda