Ivermectin: Sabon Maganin Antiparasitic

●Menene Ivermectin?

Ivermectin maganin rigakafi ne na macrolide Semi-synthetic wanda aka samo daga fermentation da tsarkakewar Streptomyces avermitilis. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa guda biyu: B1a (≥80%) da B1b (≤20%). Tsarin kwayoyinsa shine C48H74O14, nauyin kwayoyin halitta shine 875.09, kuma lambar CAS shine 70288-86-7.

A cikin 2015, masu binciken William C. Campbell da Satoshi Omura sun sami lambar yabo ta Nobel a fannin ilimin halittar jiki ko likitanci saboda rawar da suka taka wajen yaki da makantar kogi da cutar giwa.

Jiki da sinadarai Properties

Properties: fari ko haske rawaya crystalline foda, wari;

Solubility: sauƙi mai narkewa a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta irin su methanol, ethanol, acetone, kuma kusan wanda ba a iya narkewa a cikin ruwa (mai narkewa yana kusan 4μg / ml);

Ƙarfafawa: ba sauƙi bazuwa a dakin da zafin jiki, amma mai sauƙi don ragewa a cikin haske, yana buƙatar kiyaye shi a cikin yanayin da aka rufe da haske, kuma ajiyar lokaci mai tsawo yana buƙatar yanayin yanayin zafi na 2-8 ℃;

●Menene TheAmfaniNa Ivermectin ?

Ivermectin yana kai hari ga tsarin juyayi na parasite daidai ta hanyoyi biyu:

1. Yana haɓaka sakin inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) don toshe siginar jijiya;

2. Yana buɗe tashoshi na glutamate-gated chloride ion tashoshi don haifar da hyperpolarization da gurɓataccen tsokoki na parasite.

Ingancinsa wajen kashe nematodes (kamar tsutsotsi da tsutsotsi) da arthropods (irin su mites, ticks, da lice) ya kai 94% -100%, amma ba shi da tasiri a kan tapeworms da flukes.

●Menene TheAikace-aikaceOf Ivermectin?

1. Filin likitancin dabbobi (daidaitaccen sashi bambancin)

Shanu / tumaki: 0.2mg/kg (allurar subcutaneous ko maganin baka), na iya kawar da nematodes na gastrointestinal, filaria huhu da scabies a jikin jiki;

Alade: 0.3mg/kg (allurar intramuscular), yawan kula da tsutsotsi da scabies kusan 100%;

Karnuka da kuliyoyi: 6-12μg / kg don hanawa da kuma magance cututtukan zuciya, 200μg / kg don kashe ƙwayoyin kunne;

Kaji: 200-300μg/kg (gudanar baka) yana da tasiri a kan tsutsotsin kaji da mitsin gwiwa.

2. Maganin lafiyar mutum

Ivermectinmagani ne na asali na Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, galibi ana amfani da su don:

Onchocerciasis (makãho kogi): 0.15-0.2mg/kg kashi ɗaya, adadin izinin microfilariae ya wuce 90%;

Stregostrongyloidiasis: 0.2mg/kg guda daya;

Ascaris da whipworm cututtuka: 0.05-0.4mg/kg jiyya na gajeren lokaci.

3. Magungunan gwari na noma

A matsayin magungunan kashe qwari, ana amfani da shi don sarrafa mites na shuka, asu na lu'u-lu'u, masu hakar ganye, da dai sauransu, kuma yana da ƙananan halayen saura.

●Tsaro da Kalubale

Ivermectinyana da lafiya ga dabbobi masu shayarwa (da wuya a shiga shingen jini-kwakwalwa), amma har yanzu akwai contraindications:

Mummunan halayen: Lokaci-lokaci ciwon kai, kurji, karuwa na wucin gadi a cikin enzymes hanta, da yawan allurai na iya haifar da ataxia;

Bambance-bambancen hankali na nau'ikan: karnukan makiyayi da sauran nau'ikan karnuka na iya fuskantar matsanancin neurotoxicity;

Ciwon Haihuwa: Gwaje-gwajen dabbobi sun nuna cewa yawancin allurai suna da haɗarin teratogenicity (ƙwanƙwasawa, nakasar kambi).

Matsalar juriya a duniya tana ƙara yin tsanani. Wani bincike na 2024 ya nuna cewa haɗuwa da ivermectin da albendazole na iya inganta tasiri a kan filariasis. Yawancin kamfanonin harhada magunguna a duk faɗin duniya suna haɓaka haɓaka fasahar magungunan ƙwayoyi, kuma tsabta ta kai 99%.

● SABUWAR KYAUTA mai inganciIvermectinFoda