• Menene Chitosan?
Chitosan(CS) shine na biyu mafi girma na polysaccharide na halitta a cikin yanayi, galibi ana fitar da shi daga harsashi na crustaceans irin su shrimp da kaguwa. Asalin albarkatunsa na chitin ya kai kashi 27% na sharar sarrafa kaguwa, kuma abin da ake fitarwa na shekara-shekara na duniya ya wuce tan miliyan 13. Traditional hakar na bukatar uku matakai: acid leaching decalcification (narke calcium carbonate), alkaline tafasa don cire gina jiki, da kuma 40-50% mayar da hankali alkali deacetylation, kuma a karshe samu wani farin m tare da deacetylation digiri na fiye da 70%.
Ci gaba a cikin 'yan shekarun nan shine ci gaban chitosan na fungal: chitosan da aka samo daga fungi irin su Ganoderma lucidum ta hanyar enzymatic yana da digiri na deacetylation fiye da 85%, nauyin kwayoyin kawai 1/3 na wannan daga shrimp da kaguwa (kimanin 8-66kDa), kuma ba ya ƙunshi furotin 7 yana inganta haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta. Tawagar kwalejin kimiyyar aikin gona ta kasar Sin ta tabbatar da cewa, hanyar hakar matasan naman gwari-chitosan na iya sarrafa karkatar da nauyin kwayoyin cikin ± 5%, ta yadda za a warware matsalar sauyin yanayi na yanayi na albarkatun ruwa.
• Menene Fa'idodinChitosan ?
Babban gasa na chitosan ya fito ne daga rukunin amino da hydroxyl kyauta akan sarkar kwayoyin halittarta, suna samar da “akwatin kayan aikin kwayoyin halitta” na musamman:
Amsa Mai Hankali:Amino protonation yana ba da damar chitosan ta narke a cikin yanayin acidic, samun nasarar sakin pH mai sarrafa kansa (kamar ingantaccen sakin doxorubicin na anticancer a pH 5.0 a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine sau 7.3 fiye da yanayin yanayin physiological);
Manne Halitta:tabbataccen cajin yana haɗuwa tare da caji mara kyau na mucosa don tsawanta lokacin riƙewa na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin rami na baka da gastrointestinal tract, kuma an ƙara mannewar mucosal sau 3 bayan gyare-gyaren thiolation;
Haɗin Halitta:Chitosan na iya lalata shi gaba ɗaya ta hanyar lysozyme (samfurin deacetylation mai girma ya rasa nauyin 78% a cikin sa'o'i 72), kuma samfuran lalata suna shiga cikin ƙasa carbon da sake zagayowar nitrogen.
Na'urar rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta ta musamman ta shahara:Chitosan ƙananan nauyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta yana lalata amincin membranes na kwayan cuta, kuma diamita na yankin hana Escherichia coli da Staphylococcus aureus shine 13.5mm; Ƙarfinsa na antioxidant kuma zai iya kawar da iskar oxygen da ke haifar da damuwa na magungunan kashe qwari, yana rage abun ciki na malondialdehyde na alayyafo da aka yi da chlorpyrifos da kashi 40%.
• Menene Aikace-aikacenChitosan?
1. Magungunan Halittu: Daga Sutures Zuwa Masu Kula da Alurar rigakafin Mrna
Tsarin isar da hankali: Canjin canjin yanayin CS/pDNA nanocomplex shine umarni 2 na girma sama da na liposomes, ya zama sabon fi so na masu jigilar kwayar cutar kwayar cuta;
Gyaran Rauni: Gandaoda
Kwanciyar rigakafi: Chitosan mai busasshen kariya mai daskarewa yana sa adadin riƙe aikin na allurar mRNA ya wuce 90% a zafin daki, yana magance matsalar safarar sarkar sanyi.
2. Koren Noma: Maɓallin Muhalli Don Rage Amfani da Taki
ChitosanTakin mai sarrafa-saki mai rufi (CRFs) yana haɓaka aiki ta hanyoyi uku:
Sakin da aka yi niyya: Graphene oxide/chitosan nanofilms suna ci gaba da sakin nitrogen har tsawon kwanaki 60 a cikin ƙasa mai acidic, kuma adadin amfani ya kai kashi 40% sama da na urea mai rufi sulfur;
Juriya na damuwa na amfanin gona: Sanya tsire-tsire don haɗa chitinase, yawan amfanin tumatir ya karu da kashi 22%, yayin da rage yawan samar da O₂⁻;
Inganta ƙasa: Ƙara abun ciki na kwayoyin halitta da sau 1.8, faɗaɗa al'ummomin actinomycete da sau 3, kuma gaba ɗaya ragewa cikin kwanaki 60 ba tare da saura ba.
3. Kunshin Abinci: Juyin Juyin Halitta na Fim ɗin Haɗin Protein Kwari
Tawagar kirkire-kirkire ta kwalejin kimiyyar aikin gona ta kasar Sin ta hadechitosantare da furotin na abinci na abinci da kuma cirewar propolis ethanol:
Kayayyakin inji: Ƙarfin ƙarfi ya karu da 200%, kuma shingen tururin ruwa ya kai kashi 90% na fina-finai na tushen man fetur;
Ayyukan Antibacterial: adadin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta na strawberry ya wuce 99%, an tsawaita rayuwar shiryayye zuwa kwanaki 14, kuma ƙimar biodegradation ya kasance 100%.
4. Buga Yadi Da Rini: Magani Na Halitta Don Antistatic Polyester
Ta hanyar maganin rage alkali, ramuka da ƙungiyoyin carboxyl an kafa su a saman polyester. Bayan an haɗe chitosan tare da tartaric acid:
Dindindin antistatic: da resistivity an rage daga 10¹²Ω zuwa 10⁴Ω, da kuma danshi sake samu a 6.56% bayan 30 wanke;
Adsorption mai nauyi: Cu²⁰ ingantaccen chelation a cikin bugu da rini da ruwan sha shine>90%, kuma farashin shine 1/3 na guduro roba.
•NEWGREEN Sadawa Mai KyauChitosanFoda
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-03-2025
